Pancreatitis is one of the most serious diseases of the digestive system.There are acute and chronic pancreatitis, each of these types has its own characteristics and treatment methods.
Pancreatitis is one of the most serious diseases of the digestive system.There are acute and chronic pancreatitis, each of these types has its own characteristics and treatment methods.
But one thing does not change with pancreatitis: the old lifestyle and diet will remain a thing of the past, because the basis for the treatment of pancreatitis is an almost lifelong diet.The pancreas does not forgive errors in nutrition, immediately responding with pain and digestive disorders.
Pancreatitis Basics
Pancreatitis is an acquired disease;develops as a result of abdominal trauma, viral damage to the pancreas, due to disorders of the liver and gallbladder, after intoxication with alcohol and other toxic substances, with frequent and severe nutritional disorders: prolonged fasting, weight loss diets.
The main signs of pancreatitis are:
- abdominal pain: sharp, dagger-like, almost to the point of unconsciousness in acute pancreatitis, or dull or painful in the chronic version;
- nausea and vomiting;
- intestinal irregularities, often severe diarrhea, fever;
- Sudden weight loss.
For acute pancreatitis, you are usually admitted to the hospital.Chronic exacerbations can be treated at home, but only under the supervision of a doctor.Self-medication in case of pancreatitis is dangerous due to the development of complications, including pancreatic necrosis (enzymatic fusion of glandular tissue, self-digestion of the gland) and the development of peritonitis, which is fatal.
Therapeutic nutrition for pancreatitis.
The doctor selects drug, enzymatic and dietary treatment for pancreatitis based on the patient's condition and test data.However, the general principles of dietary correction are always approximately the same.They give rest to digestion and the pancreas, which means they reduce pain and normalize well-being.
Nutrition for pancreatitis is very limited: most of the usual foods will have to be forgotten.You should eat frequently, 5 to 6 times a day, every 2.5 to 3 hours, with a break of 8 hours of sleep.But the portions should be small in volume, about 200-250 g, especially the first time after an exacerbation of the disease.
All dishes are processed mechanically;almost all are eaten pureed.Then, as the inflammation subsides, larger particles appear in the food, but it needs to be chewed well.
Since during pancreatitis the entire body suffers due to insufficient supply of nutrients,it is necessary to increase the protein component of the diet (meat, fish, dairy products);on average, up to 140-150 g of protein per day.
But fats and carbohydrates, which put great pressure on the pancreas, are limited to the minimum possible.Carbohydrates are given about 300 g per day, fats - no more than 70-80 g.
Products that have a juice effect are eliminated from the diet: meat and fish broths, cabbage juice and decoctions;As long as an intense painful attack lasts, therapeutic fasting is recommended for a period of 1 to 2 days under the supervision of a doctor.
If you have pancreatitis, you need to drink more fluids.It is recommended to drink up to 2 liters of clean water per day, taking 2-3 sips of water approximately every half hour throughout the day.
Naturally, with pancreatitis it is necessary to completely stop smoking and drinking alcohol.They are the most powerful seizure provokers.
What should be excluded?
The list of prohibited products will be quite impressive and may be daunting at first.However, without following these restrictions, relief can take a long time.Little by little, you will be able to carefully expand your diet, following the general principles of proper nutrition.
So, during the entire acute period or the moment of exacerbation of the chronic process, it is necessary to exclude:
- beet soup, cabbage soup and borscht, okroshka, soups with meat, mushroom and fish broths, the broths themselves;
- fatty meats: pork, lamb, goose and duck;
- offal: kidneys, heart, brains, liver;
- fried, smoked, salty and spicy dishes;
- canned food;
- sausages;
- fatty fish (catfish, starry sturgeon, sturgeon, carp);caviar;
- lard, margarine, mayonnaise;
- fatty dairy dishes: cream, sour cream, kumiss;
- yolks, hard-boiled eggs;
- side dishes of millet, corn, barley and beans;
- cabbage, turnips, radishes, rutabagas, eggplants, onions and garlic, sorrel, cucumbers, tomatoes and bell peppers;
- citrus fruits, apples (sour varieties), grapes, pomegranates, blueberries;
- chocolate, jam;
- chips, sauces, marinades, vinegar, ketchup;
- all carbonated drinks, including mineral water (still only);
- strong tea and coffee, juices, cocoa;
- all freshly made bread and pastries, pancakes, cakes and shortbread.
As you can see, the list of restrictions is quite long, but this is only for the duration of an acute process.Then you can gradually expand your diet, but you will have to forget about annoying and “heavy” dishes almost forever.
What can you eat?
This is the first question that arises after reading the list of prohibitions.Of course, the diet is not very varied, but it is aimed at maintaining the rest of the pancreas and relieving inflammation.
Permitted:
- yesterday's dry bread, crackers;
- vegetable and noodle soups;
- steamed meat and poultry dishes: cutlets, meatballs, rolls, pates, meat purees;
- boiled fish fillet (low fat), baked fish, omelettes;
- milk, cottage cheese, soft and low-fat cheese, kefir;
- vegetable and butter oils (in porridge);
- vegetable purees and stews, cooked vegetables;
- pasta, noodles, cereals: oats, semolina, buckwheat, rice;
- baked fruits without sugar (pears, apples, peaches, plums);
- compote, gelatin, gelatin;
- rosehip decoctions, herbal infusions, bran drink.
Of course, the diet is limited, but in agreement with your doctor, you will gradually expand your menu.
Sample menu
It is worth remembering that this menu can be used at home, when the exacerbation subsides;in the acute stage of pancreatitis, fasting and the gradual introduction of food are prescribed.When planning your diet, remember: there should be at least five meals, which are approximately equal in calorie content and digestive load.
Menu for pancreatitis for 5 days.
day one
- Breakfast: mashed potatoes - 100-150 g, 2 white bread crackers, 200 ml of mineral water (still!).
- Second breakfast: steamed chicken cutlet - 100 g, omelet - 100 g, dry white bread - 1 piece, 200 ml of milk (kefir).
- Lunch: vegetable soup - 200 ml, boiled fish - 100 g, zucchini puree - 100 g, white bread - 1 piece, rose hip decoction - 200 ml, a third of a banana.
- Snack: fruit jelly - 100 g, low-fat cottage cheese - 100 g, still mineral water - 200 ml.
- Dinner: oatmeal - 200 g, pumpkin puree - 100 g, steamed dumplings - 2 pieces, weak tea with milk, a piece of black bread.
day two
- Breakfast: buckwheat porridge -200 g, 2 croutons of white bread, 200 ml of milk tea.
- Second breakfast: steamed veal cutlet - 100 g, carrot soufflé - 200 g, dry white bread - 1 piece, 200 ml of dried fruit compote.
- Lunch: noodle soup - 200 ml, boiled chicken - 100 g, vegetable puree - 100 g, white bread - 1 piece, mineral water - 200 ml, half a baked pear.
- Snack: applesauce - 200 g, still mineral water - 200 ml, Maria cookies - 100 g.
- Dinner: mashed potatoes - 200 g, low-fat cottage cheese - 100 g, sandwich with cheese (30 g of cheese, a piece of toast), weak tea with milk, a piece of black bread.
Day three
- Breakfast: pumpkin and pumpkin puree - 100-150 g, 2 croutons of white bread, 200 ml of mineral water (still!).
- Second breakfast: low-fat cottage cheese - 100 g, half a baked pear, dry white bread - 1 piece, 200 ml of compote.
- Lunch: broccoli soup - 200 ml, boiled meat, ground into puree - 100 g, mashed potatoes - 100 g, white bread - 1 piece, chamomile tea - 200 ml.
- Snack: vegetable stew - 200 g, cheese - 50 g, still mineral water - 200 ml.
- Dinner: buckwheat porridge - 200 g, kefir - 200 g, half a banana, a slice of white bread.
Day four
- Breakfast: mashed potatoes - 100-150 g, 2 white bread crackers, 200 ml of mineral water (still!).
- Second breakfast: rice porridge - 200 g, dry white bread - 1 piece, 200 ml of milk (kefir).
- Lunch: vegetable soup - 200 ml, boiled fish - 100 g, carrot puree - 100 g, white bread - 1 piece, rose hip decoction - 200 ml, a third of a banana.
- Snack: omelette - 100 g, sweet baked apple, still mineral water - 200 ml.
- Dinner: oatmeal - 200 g, pumpkin puree - 100 g, steamed dumplings - 2 pieces, weak tea with milk, a piece of black bread.
Day five
- Breakfast: oatmeal - 200 g, pumpkin puree - 100 g, steamed dumplings - 2 pieces, weak tea with milk, a piece of black bread.
- Second breakfast: steamed chicken cutlet - 100 g, omelet - 100 g, dry white bread - 1 piece, 200 ml of milk (kefir).
- Lunch: pasta soup - 200 ml, steamed fish cutlet - 100 g, pumpkin puree with carrots - 100 g, white bread - 1 piece, rose hip decoction - 200 ml, Maria cookies - 2 pieces.
- Snack: baked fruit - 100 g, low-fat cottage cheese - 100 g, still mineral water - 200 ml.
- Dinner: mashed potatoes - 100-150 g, 2 white bread crackers, 200 ml of mineral water (still!).
If you follow your doctor's recommendations, strictly follow the diet and follow all instructions, you will be able to quickly achieve relief.But a fairly strict diet with restriction of "heavy" foods will last from 3 to 6 months.And then you will need to constantly limit fatty foods, fried foods, spices and canned foods.